تحلیل عوامل موثر در گرایش روستاییان به مصرف گیاهان دارویی با رویکرد دانش بومی (مطالعه موردی: دهستان زوارم شیروان)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
حمداله سجاسی قیداری سجاسی قیداری
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
ثریا عزیزی
2
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
کلید واژه: مدل وایکور, سازگاری فرهنگی, واژه‌گان کلیدی: گیاهان دارویی, طب شیمیایی, سازگاری گیاهان دارویی با بدن,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه با توجه به آشکار شدن اثرات سوء مصرف داروهای شیمیایی برای بیشتر مصرف‌کنند‌گان، تمایل جوامع محلی از جمله مناطق روستایی که انسان به طبیعت نزدیکتر می‌باشد نیز به مصرف گیاهان دارویی افزایش یافته است. روش این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی بوده و به شیوه توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل تمام خانوارهای روستایی دهستان زوارم(N=2095) شهرستان شیروان است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و اصلاح نمونه‌ها، تعداد 139 نفر خانوار به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزاراصلی پژوهش پرسشنامه محقق ساخته که پایایی آن با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ(908/0) محاسبه شد که نشان دهنده اعتبار مناسب ابزار پژوهش می‌باشد. نتایج یافته‌ها نشان داد بیشترافراد ترجیح می‌دهند از گیاهان دارویی که از طبیعت تهیه می‌کنند جهت درمان و حداقل یک بار در طول عمرکه تاثیر تجربه استفاده از آن در مقایسه باطب شیمیایی بهتر بوده است استفاده نمایند. منبع آگاهی افراد در استفاده از گیاهان دارویی به صورت سینه به سینه از نسلهای قبل بوده است. بین عوامل موثر در گرایش روستائیان به استفاده از گیاهان دارویی شاخص سازگاری فرهنگی و سازگاری گیاهان دارویی با بدن نسبت به دیگر شاخص‌های تحقیق به ترتیب(39.37و39.93) موثرترین عوامل در تمایل روستائیان به استفاده از گیاهان دارویی محسوب می‌شوند. همچنین الویت‌بندی روستاها با استفاده از مدل وایکور نشان داد که میزان تمایل افراد در استفاده از گیاهان دارویی برمبنای شاخص‌های (20گانه) در روستای حسین آباد با کسب رتبه (1) بالاترین رتبه و روستای عبدآباد باکسب رتبه (10) پایین‌ترین رتبه را دارا می‌باشد.
Abstract:Regarding various side-effects of chemical medicine today, we witness modern people’s everyday widespread tendency, especially in rural areas where people are very close to nature, toward using home-made remedies and herbal medicine. Present study has an applied format in purpose and its approach is descriptive-analytical. Statistical population of this study includes all rural families (N=2095) in Zooeram - a small city located near Shirvan, Northern Khorassan Razavi – of which we took just 139 families after editing participant samples using Cockran Formula. We established a self-made questionnaire with reliability level of 0.908 using α-Chronbach coefficient.The results show that most people all over the country and also in this area prefer to use and apply medicinal herbs (medical herbs) rather than chemical medicine at least once during their life time, achieving better health results. The main reason behind this idea is oral sayings and chest to chest communication originating from previous generations.Among many effective factors behind this general tendency, we can mention cultural compatibility index and acceptability of human body to these herbal treatments in rural population (37, 39, 93, 39 respectively).Also the rank of village priorities show the extent of individual preferences to be 1 (top rank) in Hossein Abad village and 10 (the lowest rank) in Abd Abad village based on a 20-item Vikor Model.
Ahvazi, M., Akbar Zadeh, M., Khalighi Sigaroudi, F., & Kohandel, A. (2011). Introducing Highly Consumed Medicinal Herbs in Traditional Medicine in Eastern Mazandaran. Journal of Medical Herbs quarterly, 44 (4), 164-178. (In Persian)
Ali jani, F., Ghaffari, F., Naseri, M., & Asghari, M. (2013). Applying Sniffing Drugs in Preventing and Treatment of Diseases Regarding Traditional Medicine. Journal of History of Medicine Quarterly, 14 (5), 68-77. (In Persian)
Ameri, F., Vahabi, M.R., & Seifi Tizabi, S. M. (2014). Analyzing and studying the relationship between consumption level of Medical Herbs and various districts of Iran. Joournal of Traditional Herbs in Iran and Islam, 6 (2), 179-186. (In Persian)
Arcury TA., Grzywacz JG., Bell RA., Neiberg RH., Lang W., & Quandt SA. (2007). Herbal remedy use as health self-management among older adults. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 62 (2), S142-9.
Asadian, G., Zand, F., & Salari Pour, F. (2014). Analyzing Awareness of Hospital Staff in Using Medical Herbs, Second Conference on Medical Herbs and Consistent Agriculture. (pp. 1-10). Hamadan: Hegmatane Environment association. (In Persian)
Auerbach, B., Reynolds, S.J., Lamorde, M., & Merry, C. (2012). Traditional herbal medicine use associated with liver fibrosis in rural Rakai. Uganda, PLoS ONE, 7 (11), 1-8.
Azkia, M., & Mirshekar, A. (1997). Local Information & Cumulative Cooperation and Using surface waste water in Dashtyari Area. Journal of Forests & Grasslands, 34, 1-15. (In Persian)
Bagheri, A.Gh., Naghdi Badi, H.A., Movahedian, F., Maleki Zadeh Taghti, M., & Hemmati Moghadam, A.R. (2005). Analyzing Attitudes of Women in Isfahan towards Using Medical Herbs. Journal of Medical Herbs Quarterly, 3 (15), 81-93. (In Persian)
Bouzarjomehri, K., & Eftekhari, R. (2005). An Analysis of Local Information in Rural Constant development. A lecturer in Human Sciences quarterly, 38 (9), 17-47. (In Persian)
Chaghalvand, M. (2011). Plants, Local Information & Human Life in Lorestan Province. Journal of Social Cultural Life of Lor People, 11th Sharivar 12:38, Extracted from Society of Anthropology & Culture.
Davie S., & Ebbe, K. (1995). Traditional knowledge and sustainable development. Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the World Bank Environment Department and the World Bank Task Force on the International Year of the World's Indigenous People, held at the World Bank, Washington, D.C, September 27-28.
Emadi, M. H., & Abbasi, E. (2009). Local Information & Rural Constant Development: An Old Review in Modern Era. Journal of Villages & Development quarterly, 5 (0), 17-45. (In Persian)
Ganj Ali, A., & Khak Sefidi, A. (2015). Identification of some Variants of Medical Herbs in Zabol (Sistanj and Baluchestan Province) and their Applications in Traditional Medicine. Journal of Traditional Medicine in Iran & Islam, 6 (1), 89-96. (In Persian)
Ghanadi, A., Zolfaghari, B., & Shamashian, S. (2011). Necessity, Importance and Applying Traditional Medicine among Different People. Journal of Iran& Islam Traditional Medicine, 2 (2), 161-176. (In Persian)
Grenier, L. (1998). Working with Indigenous Knowledge: AGuide for Researchers. (1th Ed.). Canada: International Development Research Centre.
Heidari Far, R., Mehran, N., Momenian, S., Mousavi, S.M., Kooh Bor, M., & Haji Ali Gol, A. (2013). Analyzing and Studying Consumption Level of Medical Herbs and its Effects on People in Qom. Journal of Qom Medical Sciences University, 7 (14), 95-100. (In Persian)
Heidari, A., Zali, S.H., & Heidari, GH. (2014). Measuring People’s Usage of Medical Herbs in the tourist resort of Namarestagh, Amol, (Mazandaran Province). Journal of Traditional Herbs in Iran & Islam, 5 (4), 330-339. (In Persian)
Hosseinzadeh, S., Jafarikukhdan, A., Hosseini, A., & Armand, R. (2015). The Application of Medicinal Plants in Traditional and Modern Medicine: A Review of Thymus vulgaris. International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 6, 635-642. (In Persian)
Iran Manesh, M., Najafi, Sh., & Yousefi, M. (2011). A Survey on Ethno-botany of Medicinal Herbs in Sistan Province. Journal of Medicinal Herbs quarterly, 2 (1), 61-68. (In Persian)
Iranian Institute of Forests and Grasslands. (2008). An Applied Program on Medicinal Herbs. Available at www.irfr-ac.ir. (In Persian)
Javanbakht, A., & Esmaili, S. (2011). A Study on Individual Preferences in Using Medical Herbs available in Tabriz. Journal of Economy & Agricultural Development, 1 (45), 64-70. (In Persian)
Jomeh Pour, M. (2014). Localization in Rural Development and the Role of Local Information in processing it. Journal of Local Information biannual, 2 (1), 51-79. (In Persian)
Karami, GH. H., & Hayati, D. (2011). A Review on Industrial Status of Medical Herbs in Rural Economy. Journal of Industry & Technology, 115 (0), 8-15. (In Persian)
Khanavi, M., Haji Akhondi, A., Amin, Gh. R., & Shams Ardakani, Gh. R. (2010). An Approach on Attractiveness of Medicinal Herbs in Iran and The Globe. Journal of Iran & Islam Traditional Medicine quarterly, 1(1), 55-58. (In Persian)
Kooshki, A., Faramarzi, F., Maydol Eslami, E., Bidkhori, N., & Tabarraii, Y. (2013). analyzing the frequency of using Medical Herbs in treating Kidney problems among patients referring to Sabzevar Vaseii Hospital in the year. journal of students’ Research committee in Sabzevar Medical University, 27 (1,2). 8-15. (In Persian)
Kuhnlein, H., Erasmus, B., Creed-Kanashiro, H., Englberger. L., Okeke. C., Turner. N., Allen, L., & Bhattacharjee, L. (2006). Indigenous people Food Systems for Health: Finding intervention that work. journal of Public Health Nutrition, 9, 1013-1019.
Long, Ch., & Rong, L. (2004). Ethnobotanical studies on medicinal plants used by the Red-headed Yao People in Jinping, YunnanProvince, China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, issue 2-3, 389-395.
Maghsoodi, S., & Tavakolian, F. (2015). Analyzing Effective Factors on patients’ satisfaction regarding Medical Herbs in Kerman in 2013. journal of traditional medicine in Iran and Islam, 6 (3), 241-248. (In Persian)
Mir Deyalmi, S. Z., Heshmati, Gh. A., & Barani, H. (2014). An Ethno-botanical and Ethno-ecological Study of Different Variants of Kachik: A Case study of Kachcik Grasslands in Northeastern part of Golestan. Iranian Journal of Local Information biannual, 2 (1), 130-154. (In Persian)
Noor hosseini, S.A., Fallahi, E., Sami Zadeh, M., & Beheshti Pour, N. (2017). Analyzing average superiority of Medical Herbs to chemical drugs according to therapeutic & economic criteria: a case study of Rasht. Journal of Rresearch on Agricultural Economy, 9 (33), 71-92. (In Persian)
Omid Beigi, R. (2009). Processing Medical Herbs. Journal of Shirin Bayan quarterly, 4, 3-6. (In Persian)
Opricovic, S., & Tzeng, G H. (2007). Extended VIKOR method in comparison with outranking methods. European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 514-529.
Popzan, A.H., Hosseini, S.M., Azkia, M., & Emadi, M.H. (2007). Providing a Conceptual Model from Local and Formal Information Using a Basic Theory to Get Gradual Appropriate Results: A Case Study of Bilvar Area in Kermanshah. Journal of Agricultural Economy & Development, 58 (15), 151-176. (In Persian)
Pour Atashi, M. (2011). Status of Local Information in Planning Rural Constant Development. Journal of Sonboleh monthly, 214, 32. (In Persian)
Ramazani, A.R. (2010). Diseases & Treatments in Traditional Medicine. Journal of Yoga Knowledge, 2, 30-31. (In Persian)
Rashidi, Sh., Faraji, H., Jahan Bin, D., & Mir Fardi, A. (2011). Analyzing and measuring awareness of people and their beliefs and functions regarding Medical Herbs in Yasuj. Journal of Medical Herbs, 11 (8), 177-184. (In Persian)
Sajadi, S.E., Bakhshiani, M., Nekookhoo, M., & Zolfaghari, B. (2016). Ethnobotanical survey of Medical Herbs in Feridounshahr. journal of traditional herbs in Iran and Islam, 7 (3), 359-370. (In Persian)
Sajadi, S.E., Batooli, H., & Ghanbari, A. (2011). Collecting and Analyzing Consumption Rate of some of Plants in Kashan. Journal of Iran & Islam Traditional Medicine quarterly, 1 (2), 29-35. (In Persian)
Sajedipour, A.A., & Mashayekhi, S. (2015). analyzing and demand in the market of Medical Herbs, a case study of Hamadan, Markazi and Lorestan provinces. journal of Studies in Medical Herbs and Aromatic plants, biennial. 31 (4), 626-636. (In Persian)
Spork, H. (2006). Building Healthy Communities. Australia: Griffith University and the Department of the Environmen.
Tardio, J., & Pardo-de-Santayan, M. (2008). Cultural Importance Indices: A Comparative Analysis Based on the Useful Wild Plants of Southern Cantabria (Northern Spain). Economic Botany, 1, 24-39.
Tavakoli Saberi, M.R. (2011). Medical Herbs, First Edition. Tehran: Rooz Bahan Publication. (In Persian)
Toksoy, D., baramoglu, M., & Hacisalihoglu, S. (2010). Usage and the economic potential of the Medical plants in eastern black see regian of turkey. journal of environmental biology, 5, 624-628.
_||_